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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 



UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 



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^iSffiSilili^liimimMmtiifiiii^ifiifii^^ 



The Vanishing City ^ 



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A Photographic Encyclopedia 

of the World's Columbian Exposition 



COU^T^I(?{ING.... 



A Concise Histoiy and 224 VieWS— comprising All Alain Buildings... All State 
and Territorial Buildings... All Foreign Buildings... Interiors 



Statuan/... kagoons... Grounds... and 



Copyright, 1893 

by 

LAIRD & LEE.... 



Siihscriptioii Eilitioii 



THE 

niDWAY 
PLAISANCE 



\ CHICAGO 

LAIRD & LEE, PUBLISHERS 
• 1893- 




o 



A Bri§f History 



AT the commencement of the Great Exposition, the most enthusiastic promoter of the enterprise little dreamed 
that it would attract the attention of the whole World, and was destined to go down into history as the most 
marvellous undertaking ever conceived by man. Specifications of the stupendous project that was to cost nearly 
thirty millions of dollars, and to cover six hundred and thirty-three acres, were received by foreign countries as an 
exaggeration in keeping with the claims of the great Western Republic But the sum of $5,000,000 was raised 
by subscription, and $10,000,000 more pledged in one city. On the eighth ballot in Congress, Chicago received 157 
votes; New York, 107; St. Louis, 25; Washington City, 18. Chicago was declared the winner Senator Daniel, 
of Virginia, introduced a bill into the Senate in March, 1890. to authorize and establish the Exposition at Chicago. 
President Harrison signed the bill as passed on April 25, 1890, and issued the proclamation December 24, 1890. 
The Bureau of Publicity and Promotion sent out an average of three thousand packages a day for two years 
in every language, so that not an ordinary postal station in the world but had pictures and circulars explaining the 
scope of the Columbian Exposition. Applications poured in till four times the already stupendous space could 
have been occupied. July 2, 1890, Jackson Park was chosen by the Directory and National Commission. On 
July 2, 1891, construction was begun on the first building, which was the Mines and Mining Building. October 
21, 1892, nearly 300,000 people gathered at the dedicatory services in the Manufactures and Liberal Arts Building. 
On Monday, the first day of May, 1893, President Cleveland, surrounded by his cabinet and distinguisned men from 
all lands, formally opened the World's Columbian Exposition. The exact total cost of the Fair was $28,151,168.75, 
At the closing day. the net assets in cash, v^ith every indebtedness cancelled, was $1,862,483.08. On October 31, 
1893, the Exposition was formally closed. In a few days the attendance diminished from hundreds of thousands 
to a few hundreds, and the wonder of modern civilization was considered past. The exact total attendance, not 
including that before May 1 or after October 30, was 27,539,041. 

In presenting this collection of gems to the public, the publisher's greatest hope is that they will not only serve 
to amuse and instruct those who have already seen the most gorgeous architectural group of scenes ever before 
produced on earth, but wiil be also an inspiring companion to the millions who have missed the greatest opportunity 
of their lives. 



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ADMINISTRATION BUILDING.— Dimensions: :;0'2 feet ...(luare; heijiht of dome, 277'4 feet; floor area, 4.2 acres. Cost, 
1550,000. Material Tised in construction: lumber, 3,250,000 feet; steel, 1,562.607 pounds. It was occupied by ofBcials 
of the Exposition, express, telegraph and telephone companies, bank, press headquarters, cafe, Columbian guard, etc. 
At the head of the Grand Basin, it was the most picturesque building about the Coui't of Honor, and the most famous 
on the grounds. 




QOVERNriENT BUILDING.— Dimensions : size, -115 by 345 feet; floor area, 6 acres; height of dome. 23i; feet. Cost of 
building, $400,000. It contained exhibits of the Post-office, Treasury, War and Agriculture departments, Fisheries 
Commission, Smithsonian Institute and Department of the Interior. The Dead Letter Office and the Perry Arctic 
exhibit attracted the most attention. 




WOriAN'S BUILDING.— Size, .388 by 199 feet. Designed by Miss Sofia G. Haydeu of Boston. Cost. Sl.38.000. The 
statuary on the building was made by Miss Alice Rideotit of California. The Golden Nail driven by Mrs. Potter 
Palmer In May was the principal piece of a brooch presented to her. This building contained a model of hospital, 
Itindergarten. kitchen, refreshment rooms, library, bureau of information, ladies' parlors, resting rooms, dressing 
rooms, etc. Prepared for. and devoted to the exclusive occupancy and use of women. 




MANUFACTURES BUILDING, from Hachinery Hall.— Dimensions: size, 1687 by 787 teet; floor area, 32 acres; highest 
poiut of roof. 237.0 I'eet; 7,000,000 teet of lumber in the floor. Cost, $1,700,000. Largest building ui the world. 
Three times larger than St. Peter's at Rome. It could seat comfortably 300,000 people. It required Ave carloads ol 
nails for the 215 carloads of flooring. 40 carloads of glass in the roof. It was provided with 10.000 electric lights. 




ELECTRICITY BUILDING.— Dimensions: size, 700 liy 345 feet; floor area. O'i acres. Cost. $41U.iiou. Tlie nave, or 
main body of the bnilding. extending northward from the Grand Entrance was 11.5 feet wide and 1] 2 feet high; height 
of the roof of the balance of the building, 62 feet. There were 4 domes and 10 towers, the two highest being eacU 
195 feet high. 




MINES AND MINING BUILDINQ.— Dimensions: size, 700 by 350 feet, floor area, 8°^ acres. Cost, 265,000. The first 
building ever erected in an exposition for the sole purpose of exhibiting the product of mines and mining. It was the 
first adaptation of the Cantilever system to building and demonstrated fully its excellence for Exposition purposes. The 
main central entrances were 90 feet to the center of the arch. The gallery, 25 feet above the main floor, was 60 feet 
wide and extended entirely around the building. The central hall was 630 feet long, the clear space in the center 
being 115 feet high. 




TRANSPORTATION BUILDING.— Size, 960 by 25i) feel, besides Annex covering about 9 acres. Cost, $370,000. Famous 
for its exterior decorations and Golden Door. Style Roniane.sqiie. Railway tracks in the Annex for exhibits of entire 
trains. The statuary represented the four modes of transportation, air, water, electricity and land. The cupola in 
the center of the building was 166 feet high, and was reached by eight elevators, which were of themselves, a part of 
the exhibit. 




r^n t^ ^1 ^ ARTS.-Popularly termed the "Art Gallery." Size, 500 by 320 feet with two annexes, each 200 by 
ifni^nnnT T^'"'-''''-- .t"'''',-^^"'^''™"'- Cost, S670.000. Grecian-Ionic style. 1,.359,000 pounds of iron and 
13.000,000 brick being m the edifice. Designed by P. B. Atwood, architect. This place with its famous statuary and 
pictures was always thronged with people. av^vuai^ 




FISHERIES BUILDING.— Dimensions: size, 365 by 165 feet; floor area, .3 acres. Cost, $225,000, Arcbitect, Henry 
Ives Cobb, The center towers cover that part of the building where the tanks of tresli and of salt water fish were. 
The ^^angs or annexes east and west contained angling and aquarial implements. The extreme length of this building 
was 1,100 feet. There were over 140,000 gallons of water used in the tanks; that is, about 600 tons. 











HORTICULTURAL BUILDINQ.— Dimensions; size, 1000 bj' 240 feet: floor area, GU acres: dome, 114 feet high and 180 
feet in diameter. Cost, $300,000. Its style was Venetian renaissance in the Ionic order. It contained 35,000 plates 
of fruit and the "Kaiser's Wine Cellar," showing by panoramic scenes the wine regions ot Germany. The sculptui-e 
and decorations were done by Lorado Talt, of Chicago. Designed by Jenney, architect, ot Chicago. In the center 
court, under the dome, there were very tall palms, bamboos and tree lerns. Surrounding the Horticultural Building, 
flowers were planted In great profusion. 




MACHINERY HALL.— Dimensions: Main building. 846 by 492 test: floor area, 17J4 acres. Annex, 550 by 490 feet; 
floor area. acres. Cost ol whole building. $1,200,000. Officially called " Palace ol Mechanic Art." The Annex 
contained the steam and electric power which supplied all the light and power of the entire grounds. The placing of 
machinery in position and removing it were aided by electric elevated traveling cranes, whose spans nearly equalled 
hail the width of the buUdmg. 




FORESTRY BUILDING.— Diineiisious: size, 528 by 20S feet; floor area, 2'/^ acres. Co.st. $100,000. 
Composetl wholly of woods and timbers, many of the woods having the bark on. No iron was used in the 
construction of this building, wooden bolts and pegs taking the place of nails. Each State exhibited 
several specimens of its native trees. 




LEATHER AND SHOE BUILDING.— North of the Forestry Building is an edifice devoted to an exhibition 
of all the different leathers, from the finest kid and morocco to the strongest sole leather, together with an 
exemplification of the processes for converting skins into leather. Size of building; 6U0 feet long. 150 
feet wide. 




ANTHROPOLOQICAL BUILDING.— In this location were exhibited primitive moaes ol lite, as siiown at 
diflerent periods, among various tribes and classes of people in certain portions of the world. In this 
vicinity an Indian school was conducted, and in the immediate neighborhood the intramural railway 
had its southern terminus, its northern ending being in front of the United Stales Government Build- 
ing. This was the most romantic, scientific display on the grounds. 




NORTH ENTRANCE— ART BUILDING.— A broad court lay before this entrance, reaching to the two 
annexes. Just across the street were the great buildings of Pennsylvania and New York. This 
led to the United States statuary. 









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AGRICULTURAL BUILDING AND HACnONNIE'S FOUNTAIN.— Tliis is the north side of the rountain with It in full 
ojieration. The sea horses were very realistic figures raodeled after the Foitntaine de la FidfrnftoH of Toulon. Figure 
of Diana on the top of the Agricultural Hall dome at the extreme left, looks very small though it was 15 feet high. 




THE PERISTYLE.— Dimensions: 600 feet long, 60 Jeet wide, 60 leet high. Bore 48 Corinthian columns, representing 
States and Territories. Cost, SJOO, 000. The water gateway of the Pair. The center was called tlie Arch of Triumph, 
upon the top of which was the Columbus Quadriga. The statuary on pedestals at the right and left represented the 
"Genius of Navigation." The heroic figures on the pedestals of the balustrade represented Eloquence, Music, Naviga- 
tion. Fisherman and Indian. 




BATTLE SHIP. — At ttiib point is a ship — the "Illinois" — modeled after the most approved ideas in battle-ship architec- 
ture. Length of ship, 34i3 feet; width, 69 feet; height from water line to top of military mast. 76 feet. Designed by 
Frank W. Grogan, and cost J100,000. Its purpose is to exhibit the equipment necessary in a modern man-of-war. 




THE CONVENT OF LA RABIDA.— This is a reproduction of place where Culuinbus took refuge, at Paios. Spaiu: con- 
tained relics of Columbus loaned by the Pope and Duke of Veragua. It was guarded by U. S. regular soldiers, 
always on duty, and not allowed to .speak to visitors. It contained a collection of the portraits of Columbus, none 
alike. Many of the letters of Columbus were exhibited, and the royal orders of Ferdinand and Isabella. Father De 
Marchena was the prior of the Convent and the fi'iend of Columbus, introducing him to the court of Spain, whence he 
received his help. 




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KRUPP GUN BUILDING. —The mouslm t-ngiues of war under cover of thi^' house was a striking 
reminder of human tyranny m the midbt of universal peace. No such gun exhibit was ever before 
set down araong the products ot the farm and workshops with an equal claim for public attention. 




PUCK PAVILION.— This building was just east of the Childrt'us building and hciween the Woman's 
building and Horticultural hail. The bronze group surmounting the portico was designed by the 
celebrated sculptor Henry Baerer. Within the building was to be seen the entire process of making that 
celebrated political caricaturist called "Puck." 




THE KRUPP aUN EXHIBIT FROH THE LAKE.— This exhibil from the great gun factory uf Esseu, 
Germany, showed the resources of that nation as to heavy ordnance. The weight of the guns exhibited 
was nearly a thousand tons ; value, over a. million dollars. Here was the greatest gun ever cast, weigh- 
ing 124 tons and costing $50,000 to manufacture. It throws a _projectile, weighing 2,300 pounds, a, 
distance ot fltteen miles, and costs each discharge SI, 250. 




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UNITED STATES WEATHER BUREAU AND LIFE-SAVINQ STATION.— The Weather Bureau was uoiili- 
east of the Government Building, near tlie Life-Saving Station and the Battleship. Observations were 
made twice a day. Lectures were given in the hall on meteorological subjects every day, with the use 
of lantern slides. It contained all the implements used and the means employed in forecasting the 
weather. 




UNITED STATES LIFE-SAVINQ STATION AND THE LIGHT HOUSE.— This station was in charge ot 
Lieut. MoLellan of the U. S. Revenue Mai'ine. It was fitted up as a living place for the men. There was 
the usual complement of men, surf-boats and various apparatus in the life-saving service. Exhibitions of 
life-saving, boat drills, etc., were daily given for the benefit of visitors. The light-house was 100 feet high 
and at the close of the Exposition was taken to the mouth of the Columbia River to serve as a light house. 




LOOKING WEST FROH LANDING IN FRONT OF AGRICULTURAL BUILDING.— The wall and baliis- 
- trade around the Grand Basin is well shown here. The line of electric bulbs just under the edge of 
the wall is dimly seen. A perspective is here seen which gives some idea of distance. A lover or 
the beautiful could sit on the bench, seen at the left, and never cease enjoying the blended sxjlendors 
ot the Court of Honor. 




DETAIL OF COURT OF HONOR, LOOKING NORTH=WEST FROM THE AGRICULTURAL BUILDING.— The 

supreme beauty of the Court of Honor could never be realized except as the individual stood in some 
favorite spot and looked over It. There was a superlative excellence of nature and art blending into one 
harmonious scene which no pictures can reproduce or imagination recall. 




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MOONLIGHT ON THE GRAND BASIN.— This scuue is taken from the bridge at the Tiiumphal Arch of 
the Peristyle. The pedestal of the Statue of the Republic can be seen on the left and the AdministratioQ 
building in the distance. 




DETAIL OF STATUE NORTH OF AGRICULTURAL BUILDING, showing Peristyle anfl Statue of tlie Republic. Across 
the Basin from the statue of Horse and Man, representing labor, stood the statue of Bull and Woman, representing 
Agricultural health. It was near the north entrance of the Agricultural building. By the side of the statue is seen 
the steps of the landing place for the water-craft. 




DETAIL OF STATUE SOUTH OF MANUFACTURES BUILDING.— This view looking through the Peristyle to Lake 
Michigan shows the Columbian triumphal arch in the center with the Statue of the Republic on the right and the 
statue of the draft horse and laborer on the left. Between the triumphal arch and the Statue of the republic across the 
basin a tight wire was stretched from the Casino to the Music hall and evening performances given during the latter 
part of the Exposition. 




MAIN ENTRANCE TO HORTICULTURAL BUiLDINa.— TMs shows the lower part of the great 
dome to advantage. It was 114 feet high and 187 feet in diameter. Tlie visitor on entering here 
was at once lace to face with a field of luxurious tropical plants and a veritable mountain of 
flowers. Immense vases of plants lined the way in front of this to the broad steps to the landing of 
the gondolas in the lagoon. 




LOOKING NORTH FROM LANDING IN FRONT OF TRANSPORTATION BUILDING.— TULs dtt^iil 
shows an electric launch with Its occupants at the landing. This style of boat was a favorite, and, 
like the electric railroad, was much of an exhibit itself in the achievements of modern transporta- 
tion. 




PERISTYLE, PIER AND LAKE, FROM HANUFACTURES BUILDINQ.— The pier was the landing place ot the lake 
steamers. It was called Park Haveu. and was 250 by 2,300 feet long. Upon it was the moving .sidewalk. The side- 
walk consisted ot two parts, the outer revolving at the rate of three miles per hour, and the inner at six miles per 
hour. The building on the left Is the Music Hall. 




VIEW SOUTH FROM ELECTRICITY BUILDING. East from Administration building. Looking across the MacMouuie's 
fountain. Machinery Hall is seen on the right, the Colonnade before the stock pavilion, is back of the obelisk, and 
Agricultural Hall is on the left. At the right of the fountain were seats where people sat to listen to the music from 
the band-stand or watch the never ceasing stream of people passing to and fro. 




NORTH FROM ROOF OF IIANUFACTURES BUELDSNG.— No one ever looked over a finer view ol 
nature and man tlian was to lie seen from this place. The great lake to the right, the island to the 
left, and the Queen City ol the great West, in an endless vista to the north, filled up a view never to 
be forgotten. 




nERCHANT TAILOR'S BUILDING AND OLD BRIDGE ACROSS NORTH POND.— The coiner ol the Illiuois Buildlug 
is seen on the right and a full view of the Woman's Building is in the background. The bridge is the old original 
iron bridge of Jackson Park. It is nearly the only landmark of the park as it was. 




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MANUFACTURES BUILDING FROn LAKE SHORE.— Only those who Imow how to appreciate 
perspective can realize the colossal proportions ot ttiis building from tliis picture. It shows the 
entrance at the north-east corner and in the middle of the north end of the building. The cannons 
in the plaza and on the ishore belore the Government Building gave the place a very war-like 
appearance. 




LOOKING NORTHEAST FROM NORTHEAST CORNER OF WOHAN'S BUILDING.— Fifty -uiutli street 
ran iilong the north side of the Plalsance and the Woman's Building. The Fisheries and Cafe Marine 
are conspicuous on the right. Brazil and Swedish buildings on the left. 




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EAST END OF HACHINERY HALL AND THE COLONNADE.— On the left is seen the stock pavilion and Columbian 
obelisk; the picture is taken from the viaduct across the south canal. The obelisk was pateraed after Cleopatria's 
needle that now stands in Central Park^New York. It contained the dedicatory Inscriptions to Columbus. 




VIEW FROM iMACKAY'S SPfcClATORlUn just north oi the gruuuds. on the lake. Many remember the giant 
skeleton structure caliea the Spectatorium which stood as a monument ot the greatest lailure of Worlds Fair 
projects. On the right in the corner is seen one of the serrlce buildings, and at its lelt the Iowa Building. The Iowa 
Building was merely an addition to the -shelter," as it was called, that was early built in Jackson Pari; for the 
benefit of those who might be caught in sudden rain. 




ELECTRICITY BUILDING, ELECTRIC FOUNTAIN AND MANUFACTURES BUILDING.— This repre- 
sents the fouutaiu at its smallest play, hut even then it was extremely beautiful in the play of colors. 
These fountains played twice each evening, and it was well worth the people waiting, as they often 
did, for hours to see it. These were the largest electric fountains in the world. 




LOOKINQ SOUTHEAST FROH ROOF OF WOHAN'S BUILDiNG.— The dome of the Admiuistiatlon 
Building is seen across Wooded Island directly between the Electricity and Mining buildings. The 
White Star Line and the Puck buildings are seen just before the Horticultural Building. 




WHITE STAR LINE STEAHSHIP AND CHILDREN'S BUILDING.— Tbe WMts Star 
Steamship Building, seen first on the right, contained model ships and rooms fitted out as 
exact reproductions. The Children's Building, on the left, was a famous creche where 
weary mothers could leave their habies with trained nurses and see the Pair free from all 
anxiety. Only one baby was left and never called for. The eleven year old daughter of 
D. H. Burnham, Director of Works, became its sponsor. 




MACnONNIES' FOUNTAIN AND MACHINERY HALL.— This represenis the MacMounies' touniain at 
rest. Tlie electric latiuch serves to stiow the relative size. The iigure ou the right in the corner is 
one of the Electric fountains. There was another Electric fountain exactly like this one, on the 
other side of the MacMonnies' fountain. 




THE QOVERNnENT PLAZA.— Here tlie people could see the outdoor lite of the regular troops who 
guarded the United States exhibits. The beach was patrolled night and day. Here the maneuvers 
and drills took place. The cadets ot West Point were there tor a week, and, taken all In all, It was 
a good exhibition ol army life. 




rVORTH FROJVi BRIDGE SOUTH OF HORTICULTURAL BUILDING.— The Horticultural Building is seen 
on the left.Wooded Island on the right, and the dome olthe Illinois Building in the center. The water- 
craft usually passed from the Grand Basin along the east side of the island, and around to the basin 
again. It gave a scenery not to be surpassed, even in Venice. 




THE COLUMBIAN OBELISK Af^D SOUTH CANAL.— The entrance to the Stock Pavilion is seen just back of the 
obelisk. On each side is the colonnade. Across South Canal is seen the Agricultural Building. This roadway was 
used mainly by those going to the Stock Pavilion and to one ol the Intramural railway stations. 




THE COURT OF HONOR.— ■When the roses of the Summer buru to ashes in the sun, 

When the feast of love is finished and the heart is overrun, 
When the hungry soul is sated and the tongue at last denies 
Expression to the wonders that are wearing out the eyes, 
Then the splendor it will wane like a dream that haunts the t . aiu 
Or the swift dissolving heauty of the bow above the rain; 
But the art of man eudureth, and the heart of man will glow 
With reanimated ardor as the ages come and go.' 




GOLDEN DOOR OF THE TRANSPORTATION BUILDING. This famous 
doorway, more silver than golden, was a severe contrast to the many-colored 
parts of the Transportation Building. It was called Wagnerian by the 
architects from a supposed resemblance to the contrasts and effects of 
Wagnerian music. All other buildings were white except this one, In which 
red predominated. Grace Darling's boat was the chief attraction near 
this door. 




GRAND CANAL— AGRICULTURE AND HACHINERY HALL.— lu this view the observer is 
looking west along the south side ol the Grand Basin. This was the favorite place for water-oralt, 
not only because of the beauty of the place, but also because near the point from which this picture 
was taken was the only outlet to the lake. 




SOUTH CANAL FROH THE COLONNADE.— This view shows the most deserted and least visited part of the grounds. 
On the left is Machine"}' Hall; on the right the Agricultural Building. A glimpse of Illinois Building. Electricity 
Building and Wooded Island may be had in the distance The Columbian obelisk at the left was rarely seen nearer 
than from the plaza. 




ADMINISTRATION BUILDING AND GRAND PLAZA.— Ttie building seen on the right Is the Electricity building, on 
the left Machinery Hall and in the rear the Terminal station. The west end of the Grand Plaza near the MacMonnies 
and Electric Fountains was the favorite resort of the people of evenings. Popular music by famous bands was 
rendered in the stands at the right and the left. 




VIEW NORTH WKSi FROM AGRICULTURAL BUILDING.— The famous MiicMonnies" Fouutaiu is nere seen with some 
degree of exactness, taken all in all. It must be rememuered that all ol Lae hgures were of heroic size. Neptune with 
his trident is seen on the right, the handstand with the listening peoijle, the Klectrlclty Building In the rear of the 
fountam, and the Administration Building on the left. Tuis scene shows an appreciative imagination how splendid 
the original must have appeared. 




ADMINISTRATION BUILDING FROH AGRICULTURAL HALL.— This view gives a good ide;i of one oi the I'lisy diiys 
of the Exposition. The bridge leads over south cuniil on the way around the Cour- of Honor. 




LOOKING UP NORTH CANAL.— This point of view gives the best study of the immense proportions 
of the Manufactures Building seen on the right. It is from the west end of the bridge over the 
canal and next to the Basin. Electricity Building is on the left. The dome of the Illinois Building 
is seen in the distance beyond Wooded Island, at the left. 




DETAIL OF ELECTRIC FOUNTAIN.— This view Is ne;ir eni'uyb to magnify Ihe volcanic appeariug 
mounds, througti wtiicli the water came. Into bometliiug of ttie proniiueuce needed to give a clear 
idea of their construction. The Agricultural Building is seen in the rear. 




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FROM THE WOODED ISLAND, LOOKING SOUTH.— The Adrainistration Building is in the distance. 
The Mines and Miuini^ Building is on Lbe right and the Electricity Building on the left. This was 
the only outlet from the i^outh end of the Island. The r^xLd turning to the right led, to the Hunter's 
camp and the one to the lefc to the Australian squatters hut. 




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SOUTH ELECTRIC FOUNTAIN FROM BRIDGE ACROSS SOUTH CANAL.— The corner of the 
Grand Basin is seen here to grand effect. The fountain is playing at its lowest limit. 




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EAST SIDE OF HORTICULTURAL BUILDING.— This view gives some Idea ol the construction o£ 
the great flome ol the hall of plants. It Is a detail ol the beautiful gardens that surrounded the 
Horticultural Building. The dome of the Illinois Building is seen In the distance; that of the Art 
Gallery is seen lower and broader on the right. 




SOUTH POND-VVHALINQ BARK " PROGRESS."— About South Pond were grouped the Elhuo- 
lo-'ical exhibit on the east, agricultural imijlemeuts on the north and west, the Whaling Bark and 
Fi'ench colonies on the southeast. The ■■ Progress' contained relics of whaliug expeditious and ol 
. the Ai-ctic Ocean, where it had been used a ntunber of years. 




DETAIL OF SOUTH ELECTRIC FOUNTAIN.— The water In these two great electric fountains was 
furnished through a S-t-inch pipe from the VVorthingtou pumps of Machinery Hall. Eighteen water 
jets were grouped in a circle, thi'owiug a 2-inch stream 150 feet high. Around these jets were seven 
others less than an inch iu diameter, then another series of six 1}^ inch jets, another series of ?8-inch 
jets and individual jets, making 152 streams in all. The cost of operation was $1,000 each night. 
The electric plant, as made by the Edison Company, cost over $100,000. 




VIEW EAST FROM MACHINE!?Y liAL*.— The buildino: on llie ritrht Is Af>:ricnltnral :ia]l. The Peris- 
tyle, Music Hall and Grand Basin proves it at once to be a view of the south side and east end of the 
never equalled and never to be forgotten Court of Honor. Wherever the Statue of the Republic could 
be seen holding her staff and lifting her globe surmounted by the eagle, the stranger rvonld know his 
whereabouts Immediately. 




PARADE OF PRIZE HORSES PASSING AGRICULTURAL BUILDING.— Although there was some 
exhibitions of rare merit iu the Live Stock Paviiioii, yet the live stock features of the Fair never 
seemed to attract its share of attention. Perh^:,ps there was much that was more rare elsewhere 
about the grounds. 




VIEW OF ADMINISTRA'^iON BUILDING BY NIGHT.— The Gi-iiul Plaza iUiimiiuited. was a sight 
never to be forgotten. The electric foiiutain ou the right with its rapidly changing colors, the 
wall of buildings around with their Herce lines of light and the great dome of the Administration 
Building looking like a sun darkened in spots for the occasion, can never fade from the memory. 
An electric fountain is on each side. They are 60 feet in diameter and throw water 150 feet high. 




DETAIL OF THE TRANSPORTATION BUILDING.— At the first glance, an observer might think he had 
suddenly come to som.e oriental building, from its grotesque figures and gaudy colors. It seemed to he 
an attempt at a relief from the one color of the white city, with the golden door thrown in to prove that 
the architects and decorators had genius. 




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It was the most pretentious of eates. Nothiug was served but shell-tish. ijoultiy and game. It 
was located between the Fisheries building and the channel leading from the North lagoon to the 
North pond. 




VIEW NONTH FROM WEST END OF COLONNADE.— The Exposition officials uamed the building seen on the left, 
"The Palace ol Mechanic Arts," but the people called it •'Machinery Hall," and the styled name proposed could be 
seen nowhere but in official catalogues and in big letters under the eaves of the great building. 




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BRITISH COLUMBIA INDIAN DOOR POSTS AND TOTHn POLKS.— Very tew people ever passed the 
tigure seen here without a smile or a laugh, but it was serious enough to the QuacUahl or British 
Columbia Indians who gave their savage dances in the cabin seen at the left. Not a few tipsy men 
stopped their leering and stood before It in awe while the children laughed or cried according to their 
lancies or their fears. 




NORTH FROM ROOF=QARDEN OVER DOOR OF TRANSPORTATION BUILDING.— The view shows the 
waterway, walk and lawus between Wooded Island and Horticultural building. The flrst building at the 
left is the Choral building, the dome in the background, that of the Illinois building 




LOOKING NORTH-EAST FROM TRANSPORTATION BUILDING.— The speoier in white on the lifht was 
a very clever piece of sculpture representing an Indian scout looking across the plain at some 
approaching friend or foe. The dome on the right across the island is that of the United States 
Government Building. 




RUINS OF YUCATAN.— These Toltee ruins were made of staff. The moulds were of papier mache. 
made from the original ruins by the United States Consul to Yucatan, Edward H. Thompson. If the 
"proper study of mankind is man." the students could have no better beginning than to solve the problem 
of these ruins. They were indeed the ruined temples of a forgotten age. 




CLIFF DVVELLi,<<S AND RUINS OF YUCATAN.— There were so many interesting things clustered about 
the outdoor Anihropological exhibit that it is questionable if the great throngs of people passing the 
ruins, gave them more than a passing glance or thought of them more than as some device of ground 
decoration. However, they were interesting enough to students of Anthropology that many have spent 
years in studying them and spent much money in visiting the originals. 




THE VIKING SHIP, MANUFACTURES AND GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS IN THE DISTANCE.-This 
ship was built in exact imitation of the ancient Norse ships, and manned accordingly, in order to 
prove the ability of those men to come from Norway to America. The Columbus caravela were 
towed across the ocean, but this ship came over alone. 




SOUTHEAST VIEW OF THE COURT OF HONOR.— The difficulty of receiving correct Impressions 
from the oamerii is shown here. When the Court is shown the Basin is tlwarfed. and when 
any detail of the Basin is given the buildings and walks are reduced almost to insiguiticance. But 
taken together, any one with imagination enough can form a fair idea of the stupendous excellence 
of the greatest scenes ever produced by the art of man. 




ACROSS THE GRAND PLAZA FROM HACHiNERY HALL.— This is looUiug south with the 
Administration Building just out oJ view on the leit. The space shown ou the left was usually 
covered with benches and was the great gathering place o£ the people 61 an eveiiing. The statue o( 
Franklin can be seen in the entrance ol the Electricity Building. 




THE CARAVELS. — These two Columbian caravels are reproductions as exact as tlie architects and 
archieolij£jist8 appointed by the Spanish Government could make them 'The commission were at 
their work OA'er^sis months before they had the designs satisfactory. The bravery of Columbus Is 
much more apparent when his ship is seen like a toy by the side of modern ships. 




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STATUARY ON THE PERISTYLE.— These Hgures on the balustrade of the Peristyle were over 70 feui 
from the observer on the court below, and therefore but little appreciated except as an ornament for 
general eCect. They were, however, splendidly executed pieces ot statuary as the picture shows. 




STATUE OF THE REPUBLIC AND MANUFACTURES BUILDING.— Sixty-five feet high. The 
sculptor, Daniel C. French, received $8,000 tor his work; $i,400 worth of gold leaf was used. Total 
cost, $25,000. The face was 15 feet long, the little linger, y feet. Total height from the water, 100 
feet. The basiu suiTOundlng this statue, and extending westward to the fountain, covers lOJi 
acres. The South Canal, stretching southward from the fountain in front of Machinery Hall, con- 
tains 2V2 acres. The North Canal, extending from the hasin In front of the Electricity Building, 
contains 3% acres. 




WEST ENTRANCE TO MANUFACTURES BUILDING.— Many more people came out of the Manu- 
factures Building hy this entrance than went into it by this way. This was the main line of travel 
from the Grand Plaza to the Government exhibit and the Fisheries Building, but those who wished 
to see the interior of the Manufactures Building usually went in at the end entrances. This viaduct 
leads over between the Electricity Building and Wooded Island. 




THE WINDniLLS.— If Don Quixote bad ridden his horse up to these windmills, he could have had 
full exercise for all his chivalry and series of wonderful adventures without moving a hundred 
yards out of the way. The old Holland mill seen on the right was especially quaint and curious. 
It is an exact copy of one that stood in Amsterdam in 1806. 




YUCATAN RUINS.— Hpi-e »-as shown the figure of K\ik«lhan. the great feathered God of the vanislied 
people of Yucatan. These ruins were of the group of Labua. the Uxmal arch, the Serpent house 
and a section from the House ol Nuns. Tliey were covered with grass and made as natural as art 
could make them. 




NORTHWEST FROn ROOF OF MANUFACTURES BUILDINQ.— TMs view gives a good idea of the 
elevation of the observer. People look like mere sjiecks, and the steam yachts like little canoes. At 
night the myriads of lights that glistened over the earth toward the north, gave the startling appear- 
ance of myriads of fallen stars. 




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BRIDGE ACROSS NORTH CANAL, next to the Grand Basin.— This bridge was tlie chief passageway 
between ihe Agricultural Building and Machinery Hall. Fri>m it could be had one of the best views oJ 
the magniflcienc Court of Honor. 




THE NEW LIBERTY BELL.— The great bell ol Moscow was made by bits ol metal ot every kina sent 
from people all over the aominious of Russia. It was the submission ot the people to the greatest 
autocracy of the world. The new Liberty Bell was cast from metal chiefly contributed by the school 
children of the greatest republic on earth. It was the expression of the new civilization, and bore its 
doctrine engraved upon Its side: "A new commandment I give unto you— That ye love one another." 





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DETAIL OF THE COLUMBIAN FOUNTAIN.— Designed by Frederick MacMonnies. Largest 
fountain in the world. Cost, JoO,000. It is Columbia on the barge of state. Fame is at the prow. 
• The Arts and Industries are at the oars. Time guides at the helm, and the sea horses of commerce 
help to draw the barge. The oars at the right are plied by Music, Architecture, Sculpture and 
Painting; the left by Agriculture, Science, Industry and Commerce. 




niNING, ELECTRICITY AND WEST ENTRANCE TO MANUFACTURES BUILDING.— This shows Lhe 

bridge lending iroin Uie roadway between iMiuing and tilectricity Building over to Wooded Island 
From this bridge the tine scenes of Wooded Island illuminated could best toe observed. None who 
stood there could ever forget the fairyland thus presented. 




Q. A. R. PARADE PASSING HORTICULTURAL BUILDING.— G. A. R day at the Fair was a noted 
occasion. The veterans inarched in an almost endless procession about the grounds and disbanded 
at the Administration Building. This picture shows the band just appeai'iug that led the procession. 




THE WMALEBACK.— \'ei-,v lewtiiuld fail I') retottnize tins ;is the famous CliristDplier Columbus, 
yet its size appears strangely flimiuutive as compared with the real whaleback, which often 
carri&d 8.000 visitors to Jackson Park. It is here nearing the landing of the World's Fair Pier 



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CARAVEL "SANTA MARIA."— This curiivel stood iu the south iulet between the Couveut La Rabida 
and the Agricultural Buikliug. It was tnade in Spain, took part iu the Columbian celebrations there, 
and was then towed over to America through the lakes, and anchored at the World's Pair. It took 
part iu the naval celebrations at New York, flying the Spanish flag. Spain presented the three cara- 
vels to the United States. 




INTERIOR OF ELECTRICIT\' BUILDING AT NIGHT.— The Electricity Building could never be 
appreciated except at night, when it was aglow with innrmerable exhibitions of light. In this 
building was seen the greatest advancement ol modern times. It was a carnival or electricity 
which the wildest dreams of 1 i-auklin, Ohm or Morse nev.n- reached. The Columbian column 
was 85 feet high, around which 'lung 3,500 incandescent lamps. 




DETAIL OF FISHERIES, View from the south.— Dimensions: size ot building, 365 by 165 feet: floor area, 3 acres. 
Tlie annexes are connected with tbe main building by circular arcades, each annex being 135 feet in diameter. 
Designed by Henry Ives Cobb, architect, ot Chicago, and cost $225,000. General fisheries exhibit in the main 
bttilding, angling In the west annex, and aquaria in the east annex. 




INTERIOR VIEW, MANUFACTURES BUILDING.— This is looking down wbat is familiarly known as 
Columbia Avenue. It is taken from the north balcony over the sections devoted to Chicago fur- 
riers. No picture can give any adequate conception of the vastness of this building or the greatness 
of its display. The perpendicular framework seen at the left is the elevator shafts. 




LA BELLE FRANCE, COLUHBIA AVENUE, MANUFACTURES BUILDING.— With rreuch skill and I'Yeuch love of 
display, this remarkable exhibit was arranged with the considerate blending of patriotism and art. Everything that 
represented French character as well as the lamotis scenes of French history were grouped according to their 
respective and combined eflects. - 




AUSTRIAN EXHIBIT IN MANUFACTURES BUILDING.— It occupied 120 feet frontage on Columbia Avenue, of the 
Manufactures Building. The iJavilion was 65 feet high, surmouuted by the eagle and imperial emblems of Austria. 
It was the greatest exhibit ever made by that country. Over six hundred firms contributed, largely assisted by the 
imperial court. 



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INTERIOR VIEW OF HORTICULTURAL BUILDING.— The glazed dome of the Horticultural Building was 180 leet in 
diameter and 114 feet high. It contained a reproduction of Mammoth Crystal cave in Black Hills, South Dakota. 
Over this grew the largest palms, tree ferns, hamboos. bananas and other tropical trees, making a veritable mountain 
transported from the torrid zone. 




INTERIOR VIEW, ANTHROPOLOGICAL BUILDING.— This building contained more articles of romantic 
study than any other on the grounds, but its position at the southeast corner of the grounds made it 
out ot the way of the general travel of the public. 




LOOKING NORTH ALONG COLUMBIA AVENUE, HANUFACTURES BUILDING.— The cross on the 
left is on the Hag of Denmark, and is a reminder of the furious days of the Prince of Orange. It 
floated from the central tower, which was 90 feet high. Directly across the aisle is the exhibit of 
Russia. The tower seen in the distance is the great clock tower of the center ot the buildtag. 




A CHICAGO FURRIER'S EXniBIT, MANUFACTURES BUILDINQ.— The fantastic appearauce Irom 
above of the exhibits iu the uorLh end of the Manufacttires Builcling is well shown here. It was a 
miniature city of spires, domes and curiously constructed houses. 




INTERIOR OF GOVERNnENT BUILDING— Detail oS Fish Commission.— The United States fish exhibit 
occupied the north end of tlie Government Building. It was intended in no wise to be a rival of the 
exhibit in the Fisheries Buildins, but more to show the methods of breeding fish in the United States 
and the success of fish culture in general. 




VIEW OF NORTHWEST PART OF GROUNDS, SHOWING STATE BUILDINGS.— This was taken from a building 
outside of the grounds. Tlie Esquimau village is tlie first in view, the north-west i)oud and the fence around the 
village is seen. The edge of the Kansas building is on the left. North Dakota is clear in the center at the right of 
the Kansas building. Arkansas is the first seen beyond the Kansas building. The tall tower of the Illinois building 
is seen in the background. The flag is flying in front of the Washington building. 




VIEW OF NORTH END OF GROUNDS, SHOWING STATE BUILDINGS.-The Texas buildiug is seeu at the left, Kausas 
at^ the right, and Kentuclcy through the open view. New York and Pennsylvania are conspicuous iu the center back- 
ground, with the Art Gallery beyond them at the right. The State buildings were very interesting studies, but few 
people had the time to see them all. 




ARKANSAS STATE BUILDING.— Tliis edllice uovered ;i ground area of 66 by 02 feet. Had live exhibit 
rooms and a registry room. In the assembly hall, 25 by 65 feet was a teu-foot mantel of Arkansas white 
onyx. Designed by Mrs. Jean Douglas, of Little Rock. Architect, E. Kaufman, of Chicago. Contractors 
the Heidenrich Company, of Chicago. Cost, $15,000. The fountain of Hot Springs crystals in the center of 
the rotunda. In this building. Illuminated by electj-ic lights was a very attractive novelty. 




CALIFORNIA STATE BUILDING.— Next to Illinois, this w;is the largest on the gruuuds, cuveriug a ground area of 144 
by 435 feet. Was In the style of the old California Catholic mission buildings, the outside being finished in plain 
plaster, cracked a_J seamed in imitation of those old buildings as they appear to-day; particularly was the south part 
of the edifice and main tower a representation of the old mission huilding at San Diego. Nearly the entire first floor 
was occupied with a display of fruit and canned goods. Architect, P. Brown, of Sau Francisco. Contractors, the 
Heldenrich Co., of Chicago. Cost, $75,000. 




ROOF-QARDEN, CALIFORNIA BUILDING.— This garden on the root of the Oilifornia bnililing was a 
favorite resort of Western people. Here they could eat their meals among plants and in an airy pTace that 
reminded them of the shores of Southern California or the mountain sides of Western Mexico. This 
view gives a good idea of the tiling in the roof of this building. 




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COLORADO STATE BUILDING.— This building was distinguished by two tall towers, 98 feet high, up which stairs 
led to the balconies above, from which an excellent view was obtained of the Expo.sitlon. SmoUing rooms, parlor and 
toilet rooms were all conveniently an-anged. Architect, H. T. E. Wendell, of Denver. Contractor, W. J. Hill, of 
Denver. Cost, $35,000. 




CONNECTICUT STATE BUILDING.— This building -nas colonial i- stj'la, and occuiiied. on the ground, 
72 by 73 feet. The Interior was distinguished for Its tiled floors, i)aueled walls and Dutch mantels. The 
plumbing and carpenters' hardware were in special designs, and wore donated by manufacturers of the 
State. Architect, Warren R. Briggs, of Bridgeport, Contractors, Tracy Brothers, of Waterbury, Cost, 
S12,000 




DELAWARE STATE BUILDING.— This edifice was 58 by 60 feet on the gi-ound, and cost ?7.500. It was 
;i ueaMy built house lor the accommodation of the people of that State. It was built entirely of material 
from Delaware, and was of the southern colonial style of architecture. Delaware was among the Brst to 
make an appropriation, and her btiilding was one of the first completed. 




IDAHO STATE BUILDING,— This was an attraciive buiMing on the Swiss order of architecture, and of 
itself largely Dlustrative of forestry. The mica hall In the interior was one of its prominent features. 
Mica Is one "of the leading products of the state; sheets 12 by 20 inches, perfectly transparent, coming from 
the McConnell mine. The building largely illtistrated the mineral resources of the State. Cost of building, 
Slo.OOO. 




ILLINOIS STATE BUILDING.— Soutti ward from tbe Fine Arts Gallery, across the lake, is the imposing building which 
represents the State of Illinois. Size, 450 by 160 feet; floor area, three and one-Mtb acres; height of dome, 236 
feet. Contains trophies owned by the State, a portion of the building being occupied by the Illinois State Women's 
Exhibit. Designed by Boylngton & Co., architects, of Chicago, and cost $250,000. 




FARn SCENE, ILLINOIS BUILDING.— This famous mosaic of cereals and gi-as^-^ \\.is a mural jianel 
showing an ideal Illinois farm of 160 acres. At a iH-oper distance it stood out strangely lilelike, but 
every part, even to the frame and curtain, was made ol native grasses and grains. 




INDIANA STATE BUiLDlNQ.— This State furnished a highly ornate building, notable for two tall 
towers 120 feet high. Was three stories hign Built of Bedford stoue and pine, and covered with 
ornamental staff. All the material in this building came from the State, much of the same being 
donated by Indiana manufacturers. The building covered a ground area of 100 by 125 feet. Archi- 
tect, Henry Ives Cobb, of Chicago. Contractors, Collins & Ohm, of Chicago. Cost, S60,000. 




i.OWA STAl'S BUiLDINQ.— This building was foi-med. in part, of the " Shelter," which formerly stood 
T£IX>n tike Ha^s Shore at Jackson Park, and still remains, as improved . for exhibition purposes. Is 60 
by 100 feei ijo size. The ■■Shelter" portion was largely used for the special State exhibit of Jowa soil 
prod'OCjlcus, wlule other portions of the building contained ample rooms for State commissioners, 
BBopl'S aom tie State and their visiting gue.-its. Arch itects. the Josselyn & Taylor Co.. of Cedar 
BaPios. Ooiitractor, John G. Coder, of Harrlsburg, Pa. Cost, $35,000. 




JOINT TERRITORIAL BUILDING— Arizona, New Mexico, Oklalioma.— Designed by Seymour Davis, 
ot Topeka. Kansas. Ok lalioraa showed here its grains, grasses, fruits and cattle products; Arizona 
its minerals and Indian work, and New Mexico its mineral appliances. Many views ot the scenes in 
the territories were given. There was no attempt at an elaborate display, but it was an interesting 
exhibit oJ territorial wealth and resources, 




OLD RED RIVER CART.— The old Red River Cart seen between the North Dakota and Kansas state 
buildings more properly belonged in the Transportation building, but nevertheless it had many 
observers. It was no doubt considered a valuable means of transportation in the early days along the 
shores ol the Red River of the North. 




KENTUCKY STATE BUILDING.— Maury & Dodd, Louisville. Kentucky, architects. This buildiug 
typified the Southern Colouial style. The size was 75 by 9o feet. The products and resources oJ the 
State, Irom the famous blue grass region to the " dark and bloody ground " of Daniel Boone, were well 
represented. The house presented the luxurious comforts of the typical southern homestead. 




LOUISIANA STATE BUILDING.— This building was just north of the western annex of the Art Gallery. 
It had eight rooms, one for Arcadian exhibits, another for the relics of the French and the Spanish 
days, another for the antique furniture of Gov. Gah'ez. from the museum in the capital of Baton Rouge, 
and another as a Creole kitchen. The Pelicati State did itself proud in the Interesting exhibition of 
extreme Southern affairs. 




KANSAS STATE BUILDING.— This was a lnvffe hiiikUng, covering an area of 135 by 138 feet.' Was" two 
stories high, constructed of wood and covered Avith staff. Was surmountea by a glass dome, through which 
was obtained an abundance of light lor the exhibition of the natural history collection of that State. 
Architect, Seymour Davis, of Topeka. Contractors, Fellows & Vausaut, of Topeka. Cost, $35,000- 



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MASSACHUSETTS STATE BUILDING.— This building was largely a reproduction of the old John Han- 
cock residence, which stood on Beacon Hill, in Boston, near the State capitol, until 1867. Gave a very 
coiTect idea ol the old colonial style of residence in the early days of the Republic. Architects, Pea- 
body & Stearns, of Boston. Contractor, C. Everett Clark, of Chicago. Cost, $50,000. 




MINNESOTA STATE BUILDING.— This building covered a ground area of 78 by 91 feet. Contained a 
reception hall in the second story 30 by :!3 feet in size, while on the fli'st floor there was an exhibit room, 
in size 52 by 78 feet. The women's rooms were decorated in colors by W'omen of the State. Architect, 
Wm. C. Whitney, of Minneapolis. Contractors, Libby & Libby. of Minneapolis. Cost, 830,000. 




MISSOURI STATE BUILDINQ.— Covered a ground area ol iO by 48 feet. Contained rooms for telegraph, 
post-ofQce, reading, library, bureau of information and press correspondents. Also toilet and committee 
rooms, and a special room for the governor of the State. In all there were 32 rooms, plate glass, tiling for 
roof and floor, plumbing and cut stone, all being donated by Missouri manufacturers. Architects, Gunn & 
Curtis, of Kansas City, and building erected by Missouri State Commission, Estimated cost, S42.000. 




MONTANA STATE BUILDINQ.— This building was one story In height, Romanesque In architecture, and 
covered a ground area of 62 by 11.3 feet. The building was surmounted by a glass dome 22 feet in diameter 
and 38 feet high. Emblematic of certain features and animals of the State, a large elk stood high above 
the entrance, while several mounted elk stood within. The State exhibit, held herein was among the 
attractions of the building. Architects, Galbralth & Fuller, of Livingstone, Mont. Contractors, Harley & 
Sons, of Chicago. Cost, $10,000. 




NEBRASKA STATE BUILDINQ.— This edifice was two stories high and covered a ground area ot 60 by 100 
feet. The exhibit room was 60 by 70 feet in floor area, and was conspicuous for its agricultural display. 
Another hall equally large was used for the art exhibition. Architect. Henry Voss, of Omaha. Contractor 
F. A. Schelins, of South Chicago. Cost. $20,000. 




NEW HAHPSHIRE STATE BUILDING.— This State presented a building in the Sf.iss style of architecture. 
Two stories in height, surrounded on all sides by broad piazzas. Was 53 by 84 feet on the ground. It 
contained a State exhibit and showed a gallery of jjictures and a large State map. Architect, George B. 
Howe, of Boston. Contractor, H. Beruritter, of Chicago. Cost, $8,000. 




NEW JERSEY STATE BUiLDINQ.— Architect, C. A. GlHord of Newark. Designed after tlu- ^lyle "i Hie 
building occupied by General Washington as headquarters during the winter of 1779 and 1780 at 
Morristown. New Jersey. It was used more as a Club hou.se tor the people of New Jersey than as a place 
of exhibition or entertainment. 




NEW YORK STATE BUILDING.— This building was next in size to Illinois and California, being 160 by 105 feet. "Was 
three stories high, its decked roof being conspicuous for its great balustrade. Each pedestal in the same was sur- 
mounted by a large Italian vase, in which grew a bay tree. Banquet hall, board room, postoffice room, parlor and 
toilet rooms were among the interior conveniences. Architects, McKim. Mead & White, of New York. Con- 
tractors, the George A. Fuller Co., of Chicago. Cost, $77,000 




NORTH DAKOTA STATE BUILDING.— Size, 70 by 50 feet, wltli large court yard. The assii^ably room, in 
tliis building, is 24: by 56. A special exhibit was made by this State ol wheat, and the States educational 
advantages were fully set forth. 




OHIO STATE BUILDING.— This State building represented the old colonial otyle oi architecture, and 
occupied an area on the ground of 80 by 100 feet. The tile roof and much of tc?, interior finishings were 
donated by Ohio producers. The assembly room was 30 by 42 feet In size, while bath rooms, press rooms, 
toilet and recept;lon rooms, were ample in accomodation. Architect, James McLaughlin, of Cincinnati. 
Contractors, Harley & Sons, of Chicago. Cost, $30,000. 




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PENNSYLVANIA STATE BUILDING.— The front of this building was a reproduction of Independ- 
ence Hall, in Philadelphia, including its entrance, spire and bell tower. The interior, like the old 
hall, was flnished in tile and slate. Covered a ground area of 110 by 166 feet. Architect, K. Lons- 
dale, of Philadelphia. Contractor, John G. Coder, of Harrisburg. Estimated total cost, $95,000. 




RHODE ISLAND STATE BUILDING.— This building, whicli could be entered from all sides through its 
large, low French windows, had a ground area of y'2 by 59 feet. Was two stories high aud finished in 
staff on the exterior in imitation of granite. Finished iu hardwood and cypress. Architects, Stone, 
Carpenter & Wilson, of Providence. Contractors, Grace & Hyde, of Chicago. Cost, $7,000. 




SOUTH DAKOTA STATE BUILDING.— The building erected by this State covered a. giouud area of TO by 
I'Jtj leet. Was two stories in height and a frame strnctiire. covered with Yanliton cement in 
imitation of stone work. Ample room was (uruished for committee meetings and press correspondents. 
The second floor was devoted to the women's exhibit and a special state exhibit. Architect, W. J. Dow, 
of Sioux Falls. Cost, $15,000. 




TEXAS STATE BUILDING.— This building was erected by the women of the State. No State appro- 
priation was allowed. It was 85 by 250 feet on the ground and 70 feet high. Was after the style of the 
old Spanish missions, the main corners of the building having each a square tower. Architect, 
Seymour Davis, of Topeka. Contractors, Fellows & Vansant, of TopeUa. Cost, $25,000. 




UTAH STATE BUILDINQ.— This State building was iu marked contrast to the oiliers, being an oblong, in 
ground area occupying 46 by 82 feet. On the first floor was an exhibition hall 41 by 45 feet, which was 
open to the roof and covered by a sky light. The exterior was made in imitation of the different stones 
in Utah. Contained an abundance of rooms for general use of the people from this state. Architects, 
Dalles & Hedges, Salt Lake City. Contractors. Harley & Sons, of Chicago. Cost, $10,000- 




VERMONT STATE BUIIDINQ.— It was the smallest, but said to be the most classic, structure on the 
grounds. The appropriaiiou b.y the State was turned mainly to the agricultural exhibit of the State; 
therefore, this building was erected by private subscription. Architect, Jarvis Hunt, Weatherfleld, 
Vt. It cost $15,000. 




VIRGINIA STATE BUILDING, Mount Vemon. This hniMiiiL' ippresented the imposing okl style residence 
of George Washington at Mount Veiuon. the purpose being at the time the drawings were maUe to malte 
a close duplicate of the Washington home, adding some features essential in a modern building, and 
adapted to the needs of the State authorities at the Exposition. The original appropriations set apart 
for this State exhibit was $25,000. 




WASHINOTON STATE BUILDING.— This was a strildng buildiug in architectural appearance. In con- 
struction there were five tiers of logs. Immediately above the ground, those in the lower tier being 4 feet 
in diameter and 121 feet long, the logs having their bark on. -The building, which covered a ground area 
ol 118 by 208 feet, was largely a timber exhibit from that State. The whole interior was finished in cedar 
and fir. Architect, Warren P. Skillings, Seattle. Contractors, Eigby & Evans, Seattle. Cost, $100,000. 




WEST VIRGINIA STATE BUILDINQ.— This buiiaing was colonial in style of architecture, finished in 
hard woods, ceilings in ornamental iron. Size. 58 by 123 feet. Architect, J. S. Silsbee, ot Chicago. 
Contractor, Thomas J. Miller, ot Parkersburg, Va. Cost, $20,000. 




WISCONSIN STATE BUiLUiNG.--- Tin- innidiui; Dceupied a grouud area of 80 by ^O feet. Architect, 
VVilliain VVaiers. of UshkosU. Couiraciurs, Houle Broihers. of OsliUosh. Cost, J30,000. 

INDIANA STATE BUILDING.— Gothic, witli cathedral towers, window.s and turrets. The spires 
were 150 feet high. Size, 53 by 1.^2. Its heroic statue was done by Miss Jeanuette Scudder, and 
represented the typical Hoosier beanty. It was entitled the " Maid of the Wabash." The building 
was an Imposing and elaborate piece of work, and contained a characteristic exhibit of the 
resources of the State. 




BUILDING OF HAVT'.— This Is of Southern Colonial slyle. Size. 124 by 100 feet. All the exhibits of 
Hayti were placed here. The dates on the front portico referred, 1492 to the discovery of America, 1804 
the date of its independence, and the last the 400th anniversary. 




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BUILDING OF NEW SOUTH WALES.— It was classical in design and ornamentation. Size, 60 by 60 
feet. There was a ball, the entire length ol the building, 30 leet wide. In the center was a dome 30 
feet in diameter It was mainly a place for the ofBces of the legation- 




INDIA BUILDING.— II wa.s not :l g<..verunieiii building, bui \v;l.s erectoU to exhibit l.he curios and 
produclt) of East India. It contained two bars, like liquor bars, except that tea was retailed 
instead of liquor. It was 80 by GO feet. It was ornameuted according to the tastes of the 
Orient. 




FOUNTAIN IN COURTYARD OF FRENCH BUILDING.— This Court faced the lake and therefore turnished a 
rare view and a splendid retreat. The French people could well be proud of their unpretentious yet 
exceedingly interesting building. It gave a tine study of the public institutions of France, such as 
schools, prisons, hospitals, etc. 







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JAPANESE HO=0=DEN. "Phoenix Temple," Wooded Island.—TMs building has been presented to the Park Com- 
missioners and will remain in iib present location. Represents the styles of three Japanese epochs. The furniture 
and art works were selected by the Imperial Museum. Japan was one of the earliest of the foreign nations to make 
arrangements for this Exposition, her appropriation of $630,765 being so munificent as to call forth the warmest 
commendation. 




BUCLDINQ OF CEYLON.— This was called the Ceylou Court. It consisted of an octagonal building Willi 
two wings. Size, 150 by 50 feet. Style, Dl-avidian. It was made In Ceylon of Cingalese wood, then 
^shipped and put toTpthev whei'e it stood. It was designed after the ruined temples Anuradliapura and 
Polonnaruwa, capitals oi Ceylon a thousand years ago. 




BUILDING OF COLOHBIA.— Style Italian Renaissance. Size 45 by 45 feet. It contained great numbers 
of rare tropical plants. Its exhibit of antiquities was unexcelled. The Condor seen surmounting the 
dome is the national bird of Colombia. The collection of antiquities is made a present to the Queen 
Regent ot Spain for her decision favoring Colombia in its dispute with Venezuela concerning the 
boundary line. 




BUILDING OF BRAZIL.— Designed by Lieut.-Cul. Aguiar, of the Brazilian army. Dimensions, lis by 
148 feet. Dome, 43 feet in diameter and 43 feet higli; building, 50 feet high. Style, French Renais- 
sance. Cost, $90,000. The exhibits were mainly of coflees, fabrics and woods. Considering the 
internal dissensions of Brazil, it had a very creditable display. 




BUILDINQ OP St-AIN.— Architect, Rafael Gaustaviuo, of New York City. Ihis building is a repi'odu^ 
tlou of the Elk Exchange, of Valencia, Spain. The tower shown on the left corner of the huilding was 
the place where the bankrupt or defaulting merchants were confined. Many relics of Columbus and 
the early Spanish navigators were shown here. 




BUILDING OF SWEDEN.— The Swedish Building was triangular lu shape and covered 12,000 square feet. It con- 
tained a main floor and gallery having a south front of lOi feet; the whole surmounted by a tower 200 feet in height. 
Was of wood, the parts being made and shipped from Sweden. 




FOUNTAIN IN FRONT OF OERHAN BUILDING.— The most beantiful ideal rural scene outside ol 
Wooded Island was undoubtedly the one In front of the German building. As it was somewhat out- 
side of the general line ol travel, it was not seen by the majority of people. It was a reproduction 
from the Imperial gardens. 




TURKISH BUILDINQ.— Tills government buiiaing is said lo have been built in imitation or a fountain 
made hy Sellm the Great over 200 years ago. It was made of a Turkish hardwood called Mucharabia. 
The Interior walls were richly decorated and inlaid. Tests of the Koran or Mohammedan Bible were 
placed here and thera The display was mainly of costly silks and rich jewelry. 




BUILDING OF COSTA RICA.— Doric in style, 103 by 60 Teet. It was ligbted by 20 large double casement 
windows. Cobt. $20,000. It had an exhibition of tropical birds and plants besides many articles of 
native manufacture, 




BUILDING OF FRANCE.— Dimensions 2.',0 by 175 fee;. This building contained a room called "De La 
Fayette.' In it were all tlie relics preserved in France of the dealings with La Fayette and the United 
States. The house was made of staff in the style of the French Renaissance. It was elaborately 
decorated and the walls were hung with the finest gobelin tapestry. It was the most interesting from a 
historical standpoint of all of the buildings. 




BUILDING OF GUATEMALA.— Size, 111 leet square. Spanish style. Cost i40 000. A center court. 33 
teet square— the old Palos Spanish house. It contained an exhibit of Guatemalean products. Its chief 
exhibit was coffee and tropical plants. Its towe-- were 23 by 23 feei; and 65 feet high. 




BUILDING OF GREAT BRITAIN.— The Victoria House, devoted to the local interests of Great 
Britain, stood conspicuously iilone on the eastern side of the Exposition grounds. Was finished in 
timber and terra cotta, and represented the English style of architecture in the sixteenth centuary. 
It accomodated, throughout the Fair, the English visitors and guests of the British Commission. 




VENETIAN GONDOLA AND JAPANESE HO=0=DEN.— Japan was among the tirst nations to realize 
the gigantic pvop^riiDns of the great Fair, and to take advantage of the opportunities offered. They 
were given a most pieturesciue spot on Wooded Island, where they erected permanent buildings and 
gave them to the park, 




BUILDING OF VENEZUELA.— >l.vli'. i.,nT..-K.iiiiu:i, CuusiruLaed of white m:irblf. The st;nui-s m-.-u over 
Ihe right aud left towers u,re that ol Columbus the discoverer and Bolivar the liberator. It contained 
many historic and pre-historic relics. The chief curio was the flag carried by Pizarro in his subjugation 
of Peru. 




NEW ENGLAND KITCHEN, Midway Plalsance.— The chief exhibit in this place was the old-time 
cooking which the observer was supposed to buy at a good round price and imagine, at least, that it 
was so superior to the cooking ol the present time as to give him a perpetual longing for the days 
before Boston baked beans were kno\vn. 




WORLD'S CONGRESS OF BEAUTY, Midway Plaisance.— The ■■International Urc-^ iiiiu i'o>iume 
Exliibit" was the high-flown title ot what the people preferred to call the ■■Beauty Show." The 
■•Beauty "was a question o( considerable conjecture and faith, but the prospect brought many 
quarters into the coffers of the company. Perhaps the men never regretted the entrance fee because 
ot the types ol female beauty seen, nor the women, because ot the kinds of dress. 




VILLAGE OF IRISH INDUSTRIES— BLARNEY CASTLE, Midway Plaisance.— t^Is concession 
was given to ilie Irisli iudusLries Association, of whicli the Countess of Aberdeen was president. 
The gateway was a model of KingCormac's Chapel, Rock of Cashel. The association was designed 
to furnish extra employment for the poor of Ii'eland. The exhibit consisted of every conceivable 
band-made article peculiar to the Irish people. 
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AZTEC RUINS AND ELtiCTRiC THEATER, Midway Plnisance.— The so-calieil Aztef iniiiis nic ui. .. 
dimly seen on the right of the picture. The ■•spouter." as he was familiarly termed, is pointing thai 
way "and eloquently discoursing on the wonders to be seen within for only ten cents. The chief exhibi- 
tion of the Plaisan'ce was the bedlam of cries to be heard along the way concerning the maryellous 
things to be seen beyond the box oface. 




LIBBEY GLASS WORKS, Midway Plaisance.— This company was Irom Toledo. Ohio. They showed the 
entire glass industry from mixing the sand with the oxide of lead, lime and alkalies to the finest finishing, 
cutting, spinning and weaving. There was no better educational exhibit of modern industry in the 
Plalsance than this. The mystery of glass-making was no more a mystery to the visitors, 




HAGENBECK'S ARENA, Midwaj- Plaisance.— There was no more popular place in Hit- i'Ui ;UiLt.- luau 
this. The trained wild beasts were a great sight to all. Carl Hagenbeek is renowned as tne greatest 
of animal trainers, and has supplied nearly all the great Zoological gardens of the world. From the 
dwarf elephant, weighing only 15.5 pounds, to his collection of obedient, ferocious auimaJs all perform- 
ing together, the like could not soon be seen again. 




IhJi"^ SAMOAN VILLAGE, Midway Plaisance.-TUe Siimoaus were especially interestlnB because of 
nhv^,r,t T^ troubles m those islands invojving the United States, England and Germany. They were 

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SAnOAN WARRIORS, Midway Plaisauce.— This sceue l■epl■eseul^^ Hie Samoaiis parading through the 
street from their village to the adjoining theatre. It never failed to "catch" the crowd. People who 
expected to see brutish looking savages were certainly disappointed. They were generally a hardy, 
intelligent looking class of men and women. 




JOHORE BUNGALOW, Midway Plaisauce.— That far-away country, through the visiting Sultan of 
Joliort^, made a ver>' creditahle exhibit. Tlieir main exhibit was made in the Agricultural Building. 
The various exhibits showed a considerable degree of native ingenuity, and materially raised that 
people in the estimation of the visitors. 




SOUTH SEA ISLANDERS.— These spleiiditl specimens of physical strength. wh(we race h;is ben n, i ivr. hi ly 
rescued from cannibalism, were worth going many miles to see. The benevolent look on iheir faces did 
not betoken such an origin 




THE EVER PRESENT "KODAK" FIEND.— The lleud lu Ibis piomre was very lovely and pleasing 
and tlie Iwo meu sitting by the Javanese village had no horror of being "took." Long live the 
"Kodak." So say all who are thus able to cherish the splendid scenes of the greatest Exposition the 
World ever saw. 




JAVANESE VILLAGE, Midway Plaisance.— Tlie Javanese were conceded generally to be the most 
pleasing people lo be fuuud outside of the Caucasian race. Intelligent, inoffensive and polite, they made 
friends with everybody. Java being a Dutch viceroyalty. the village was the product uf a syndicate of 
Dutch traders. 




DAMASCUS PALACE, Midway Plaisanee.— The Damascus Palace was not a very imposing structure but 
the man at the entrance, who told the gaping crowds ol the wonderful exhibit of relics Irom Damascus, 
always had an eagerly listening crowd. Alter all, everything exhibited in "Midway" was really worth 
being seen. 




CATHEDRAL OF ST. PETER AT ROME, Repi-o.lurtlon, Mid\v;iy Plaisiimt-.— This buildiug contained the 
model on an exact scale of one sixteenth oi the most famous structure of the world. It was 30 by 15 feet 
and 15 feet high, and has been handed down from the 16th century through a number of noble Roman 
families and Popes. It is now the property of Mr, Spindon. 




ALGERIAN THEATRE, Midway Plalsance.— If tliere were any so called "fakes" anywhere it was that 
played on the crediiluus people in the various foreign theatres. The dances and performances were loo 
monotonous and dull to be entertaining. The bad name they received was their chief advertising card 
■imce they really deserved no name at all. 




JAPANESE BAZAAR, Concession No. ii, Midway PUiisance.— The Japanese ijeople are proving tliem- 
selves veritable Yankees in thriftiuess. There was never an opporluuily which they did not at ouce 
avail themselves ot to display their wares. Polite attendants were always ready to use the most 
persuasive means on a prospective customer. 




FRENCH CIDER PRESS, Midway Plalsance.— This reproduction was as perfect as it it had been lifted, 
waiter girls and all. direct from a mountain side in France and set do\vn in Midway Plaisance. The deft 
girls were very solicitous for the Imbiher's wants, and could draw any kind of a drink desired from the 
ice cold French cider jugs. 




EIFEL TOWER PAVILION, Midway Plaisauce.— The minimized Eifel Tower, as shown in this building, 
was a very clever reprodueiion and was pronounced by those who had seen the Parisian wonder as very 
real. Every appliance of the tower was reproduced in the scale of one-fiftieth of the original, elevators, 
light-house, lawns, flower-gardens, lakes with miniature swans gliding across and the statuary, all with 
wonderful precision. 




GERMAN VILLAGE, Midway Plaisance. — This view is taken from the balcony of the Ptinorama of the 
Bernese Alps, showing the east entrance of the Deutsches Dorf. Its concert garden had a seating 
capacity of at least 8000 and the tables were nsuaUy well filled. The Village consisted of typical 
fatherland farm houses and a Hessian hall in which were placed a million dollars' worth of German 
antiquities. 




GERMAN VILLAGE, Midway Plaisauoe.— These buildings were tlie most stibstantial in the Pliiisance. 
In every detail the social and domestic ideal of the German people was carried out. The Mediaeval castle 
full of Medieval relics was the most interesting from a historical standpoint of anything in Midway 
Plalsanee. These relics were valued at over a million dollars. 




fvn';*??*'^,'^'* "^.?,'''^ VIENNA, MidWiiy Plaisanee.-The old -Gasf house shown here was a curioi. . . ■ r , , . , ,,„ 





ALGERIAN AND TUNISIAN PALACE AND THEATRE, Midway Plaisauce.— The village consisted of the 
conceit hall or theater, in which were about atty actors, musicians, jugglers, dancing-girls, etc., of a 
Moorish cafe, Kabyle house, an Arab tent village, and booths for the sale of Moorish embroideries, 
jewelry, etc. This theater, like others of the East, made most of its money by preying upon the 
immoral curiosity of the West. 




STREET OF CONSTANTINOPLE, Midway Plaisauce.— During tiie early part oi tlie Expusiiion a uumber 
of bazaars lor selling Eastern merchandise was opened some distance back of the thoroughfare. It 
attracted but few visitors. A happy thought struck the managers. It was a shrewd guess at western 
curiosity and thriftlness. A halt-concealing wall was erected across the open space. Under the 
symbols of the crescent was written, in large letters, " Street in Constantinople— Entrance Free." Then 
the place was crowded until the close of the Exposition. 




PANORAilA OF KILAUEA, iiij',',.iy Plai=auLi; -Tli.j building was polygonal in shape. 140 feet in diameter 
and 60 feet high. This volcano is very appropriately termed the ■•Inferno of the Pacific." The canvas of 
this most realistic cyclorama was 54 feet high and 412 feet long. The volcano was weird enough tor the 
wild natives of Hawaii to give it a Goddess of Plre and worship the dread deities of the crater. None will 
forget the appearance of the Goddess Pele where she sat in front of the building, 




JAPANESE BAZAAR, Midway Plaisance.—Tliis nazaai'. niodeleii after llmsp comiiKui in .I:ipan, wa^ 
full of the most interesting Japanese merchancUse. The articles sold were mostly bought for 
souvenirs rather than for use. 




DAHASCAN SWORDSMEN, Street in Cairo, Midway Plaisance.— Toledo and Damascus were famous In olden times 
for their swords and swordsmeu. These men belabored each other's shields to the sotinds of fife and drums, but it 
was never considered interesting after the novelty of the first sight. The men always seemed weary of their work, 
and to take no relish in their mock fights. They would whirl and turn and strike at imaginary foes until their referee 
rushed in between them and stopped the sauguinaiT struggle. 




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IRISH VILLAGE— DONEGAL CASTLE, Midway Plaisauce.— There were two irisla villages in the 
Plaisance, one under the auspices of the Irish Industries Association, the other designed and 
carried out by Mrs. Ernest Hart. This is the picture of the gateway of St. Lawrence at Drogheda, 
as reproduced by Mrs. Hart. The chief place of interest was the ruins and banqueting hall ol 
Donegal Castle, containing very interesting Irish relics. - ^ 




MOORISH PALACE AND FERRIS WHEEL.— This was a very Uue Uuildiut' m^ide acciinling to the most 
elaborate Moorish architecture. It was somewhat au imitation ot the Alhambra. Illusions and 
delusions were exhausted in the effort to make it a labyrinth of wonders. 




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DETAIL OF FERRIS WHEEL, Midway Plaisance.— This piciure shuws the coustruction of the wheel 
to good advantage, the cars, the great steel axle, the supporting towers, the framework and the 
cross-rods. The height can be appreciated by comparison with the buildings around. 




DETAIL OF THE FERRIS WHEEL-SOUTH SIDE.— Tne ice railway station is on the left and the French 
eider press ou the right. Tlie entrance to the wheel was on the north side, the exit on the side shown in 
this pictiiro. 




SOUTH SIDE OF HIDWAY PLAISANCE, EAST OF THE FERRIS WHEEL.-Some idea of the 
relative heigUt ot the Wheel and the Manufactures Building over the other buildings can be had 
from this picture. Houses six and eight stories high are made to look like dry goods boxes in 
comuarison. People from that height were very insignilicant creatures. 




THE NORTH SIDE OF MIDWAY PLAiSANCE EAST OF THE FERRIS WHEEL.-The Manu- 
factui-es Building and the Ferris Wheel afforded by far the ))est views to be had of the great 
Exposition, No picture or painting can ever give a concenrion of the magnificent scenery that 
spread out before the observer from these places. 




VIEW FROM THE GARDEN OF OLD VIENNA.— From the confusion ot the chairs, it would 
seem that this picture was taken when Old Vienna was deserted. This was not often the case, since 
the German people loved to sit here and he transported at once to the scenes of their childhood in 
old Fatherland. 




VIENNA CAFE AND FERRIS WHEEL.— I'u lliri or uoi lu lliri,, neems to be llie abrturbiug study of this 
scene. Let the wheel and the cafe alone until the more imnovtant puestlou o( the iJicture is properly 
disposed of. 




FERRIS WHEEL FROM "OLD VIENNA," lUianay PUuiauce.— It was scarcely possible to come out 
Into a street or au opeu court auywuere vvicyiu the environs ol the World's Fair without seeing the 
gaunt, stark form of the Ferris Wheel looming up above everything else. This not only gives an idea 
of the great circular apparition as It appeared on every side, but also a very good idea of the interior 
of "Old Vienna." 




CHINESE THEATRE, Midway Pliiisance.— The seeker fur ihe groiesciue iiud curious could be satiated iu 
this Chinese exhibit. From paper images and Chinese lanterns to the great dragon and Chinese music, 
it was one continuous round of hob-goblins and horror. The intermlnahle monotony of the male 
impersonaters of female characters on the stage was sometimes relieved by feats of Chinese juggling, 
but taken all in all the visitor never wanted to see the like again. 




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CAPTIVE BALLOON, Midway Plaisance.— This balloon was intended to be one ot the greatest features o( 
Midway Plaisance, but on Sunday alternoon of July 9, it was destroyed by a storm. It was in an enclosure 
fitted up as a park, and was to ascend three times an hour, with twenty people, to a height of 1,492 feet, 
one foot for every year up to the discovery ot America by Columbus. 




ENTRANCE TO THE OSTRICH FARM, Midway I'lai.-aiice.— The iii^L-riptiuns and picturL- -lu tht- fence 
of the Ostrich Farm, aided by the profound and voluble voice of the ticket-seller, was sulflcieut to 
educate the visitor to a proper appreciation of the wonderful ostrich. However, a visit inside was con- 
ceded by all to be well worth the admission fee. 




PARADE IN HONOR OF PRINCESS EULALIA.-No event lu the history of the Kxpositiou awakened suub 
curiosity as the visit of royalty in the person of Princess Eulalia. According to general judgment she was 
more sensible than most of her obsequious admirers. It was a red-letter day for the early part of the Fair. 




BEDOUIN LIFE IN THE DESERT, "Dress Parade," Midway Plaisance.— It was almost like a trip around 
the world to see everything in the Midway Plaisance. Native life was produced faithfully. The 
Bedouins lived here in tents, as in their native haunts. Their performances consisted of the sports 
and pastimes of the people, and never failed in interest. 




OSTRICH FARM, Midway Plaisance.— For the modest sum of ten cents, the visitor could see the 
ungainly bird in all his glory— twenty-two of them. A lecturer was there, who expatiated on the 
peculiarities of this strange fowl to the full comprehension of the listener. The ladies admired and 
envied them the beautiful plumes, and the gentlemen mentally studied their strength and admired 
their ugliness. 




LAPLAND VILLAGE, Midway Plaisance.— Nineteen men, twelve women and six children were found 
in tbe census of tlie Village of Lapland exhibited at the World's Fair. Twenty-five reindeer and a 
number of sledges composed the chief available property. Exhibitions of native life and native handi- 
work were the chief attractions. 




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